English grammar can be tricky, and one of the most common mistakes involves Its, It’s, and Its’. These three variations look similar, but they serve different purposes. Many writers—both native and non-native speakers—often mix them up, leading to errors in professional, academic, and everyday writing.
Confused about Its or It’s or Its? This common grammar mistake can lead to misunderstandings. Learn their correct usage with easy explanations, examples, and practical scenarios to improve your writing skills.
This article will break down the differences, provide easy-to-understand explanations, and offer real-world examples, including emails and dialogues to help solidify your understanding.
What is the Difference Between “Its,” “It’s,” and “Its’”?
Before diving into detailed scenarios, let’s establish the basic definitions:
- It’s – A contraction for “it is” or “it has.”
- Its – A possessive pronoun that shows ownership.
- Its’ – A common mistake (it doesn’t exist in correct English).
Now, let’s explore each one in depth.
1. “It’s” – The Contraction of “It Is” or “It Has”
Whenever you see “It’s,” you should check whether replacing it with “It is” or “It has” makes sense. If it does, then “It’s” is correct.
Examples in Sentences:
✅ It’s raining outside. → (It is raining outside.)
✅ It’s been a long day. → (It has been a long day.)
❌ The dog wagged it’s tail. (Incorrect)
Scenario: Business Email Example
Subject: Update on the Project Timeline
Dear Oliver,
I wanted to inform you that it’s taking longer than expected to finalize the report. It’s currently under review, and I expect to share it with you by Friday.
Let me know if you need any interim updates.
Best regards,
Emma
✅ Here, “it’s” correctly replaces “it is” and “it has.”
2. “Its” – The Possessive Pronoun
“Its” is used to show ownership or possession. Unlike most possessive nouns (e.g., Sarah’s book, the dog’s bone), “its” does not use an apostrophe.
Examples in Sentences:
✅ The company updated its website.
✅ The cat licked its paw.
❌ The cat licked it’s paw. (Incorrect)
Scenario: Customer Support Email
Subject: Response to Your Query
Dear Mr. Johnson,
Thank you for reaching out. The software recently underwent an update, and its interface has been redesigned for better user experience. If you need assistance navigating the new features, feel free to contact us.
Best regards,
Lucas
✅ Here, “its” correctly indicates possession (the interface belongs to the software).
3. “Its’” – A Common Mistake (It Doesn’t Exist)
Many people mistakenly believe that because other possessive nouns use an apostrophe (e.g., the teacher’s book), “its’” should exist. However, “its’” is always incorrect in standard English.
Examples of Incorrect Usage:
❌ The company changed its’ policy. (Incorrect)
❌ The bird flapped its’ wings. (Incorrect)
🚨 Tip: If you’re ever unsure whether to use “its” or “it’s,” try replacing it with “it is” or “it has.” If it doesn’t make sense, use “its” without an apostrophe.
Common Mistakes and How to Avoid Them
| Mistake | Corrected Version | Explanation |
|---|---|---|
| The company announced it’s new policy. | The company announced its new policy. | “Its” is the possessive form, not a contraction. |
| Its’ a great opportunity. | It’s a great opportunity. | “It’s” means “It is,” while “its’” is incorrect. |
| The dog chased it’s tail. | The dog chased its tail. | “Its” is the possessive form, no apostrophe needed. |
Advanced Scenarios for Clarity
Scenario 1: Office Communication
Subject: System Update
Hi Team,
Just a quick update: it’s important that everyone restarts their computers after the update. The software has completed its installation process, and everything should work smoothly.
Thanks,
Jessica
✅ “It’s” = “It is”
✅ “Its” = Possessive (installation process belongs to the software)
Scenario 2: Casual Chat
Alex: Hey, I think it’s about to rain.
Sophie: Yeah, I just saw the tree losing its leaves in the wind.
Alex: Wait, did you just write “its’” in your text message?
Sophie: Oops! That’s wrong! I should have just written “its.”
✅ Sophie realized her mistake—“its’” is always incorrect.
Describe Difference Between “Its, It’s, or Its”
| Word | Meaning | Example | Usage Tip |
|---|---|---|---|
| It’s | Contraction of “it is” or “it has” | It’s a sunny day. (It is a sunny day.) | Replace with “it is” or “it has.” If it makes sense, use “it’s.” |
| Its | Possessive form (belongs to “it”) | The dog wagged its tail. | No apostrophe needed for possession. |
| Its’ | ❌ Incorrect ❌ | ❌ Never correct ❌ | ❌ Avoid using this form—it does not exist in proper English. |
Final Thoughts
Mastering “Its,” “It’s,” and “Its’” can significantly improve your writing skills. Remember these rules:
- Use “It’s” when you mean “It is” or “It has.”
- Use “Its” for possession—no apostrophe needed.
- Never use “Its’”—it’s grammatically incorrect.
By keeping these distinctions in mind and practicing with real-life examples, you can eliminate this common grammar mistake from your writing.
Do you have any questions about similar confusing grammar rules? Let me know, and I’d be happy to clarify!
